Language: codification, competence, communication

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE FOR UKRAINIAN PEOPLE

Mariia Makarenko, Arina Sydorkina, Oleksii Shpak, Volodymyr Pivnenko — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Since English is used for business and international trade in addition to being the official language of many international organizations (such as the UN, WHO, etc.), it has become a lingua franca in the modern world. English language lessons are widely taken and required in many secondary schools globally. English is now taught in many states' schools as a required foreign language, sometimes substituting other languages. Taking into account the rapid spread of the English language, the article examines the main advantages and disadvantages of English being a global language providing an example of Ukrainians living abroad and in their home country. With the help of postcolonial and globalization theories, it is shown that the spread of English is a result of the British Empire and the rise of the United States as a global actor in international relations thereafter. On the contrary, the linguistic human capital theory and theory of cultural capital underline that language proficiency can be a limitation and a getaway in socioeconomic situations. The article is conducted in a qualitative research method, namely online surveys aimed at Ukrainians in Poland, Estonia, Germany, Spain, and Ukraine. The results indicate that English being a global language provokes inequalities between people as well as people abroad are motivated to learn English because of better job opportunities. On the other hand, the number of people motivated to learn English in Ukraine is much higher.

DIFFICULTIES IN TRANSLATING MODALITY CATEGORIES IN BUSINESS CORRESPONDENCE (BASED ON POLISH AND RUSSIAN MATERIALS)

Martyna Król-Kumor, Irina Rolak — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Język komunikacji służbowej, głównie korespondencji służbowej, jest oparty na specyficznej modalności dyskursywnej, przejawiającej się w standardowych zwrotach i połączeniach wyrazowych. Należy podkreślić, że przeważającym rodzajem modalności w komunikacji tego typu jest modalność informacyjna i pobudzająca do działania.

RESPONSE PARTICLES IN LITHUANIAN CONVERSATION AND TURN DESIGN

Erika Jasionytė-Mikučionienė — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The paper deals with response particles in Lithuanian conversation. The results of the analysis provide evidence that sequential environments response particles are used in turn out to be central. Thus, the distinctive usages and functions of the particles are investigated in the following sequences: questions-answers, assertions-reactions and directives-reactions. The paper considers similarities and contrasts among the Lithuanian affirmative as well as negative particles. The results of the analysis show that the particles mainly appear in positive responses, thus the inventory of the affirmative particles is much more abundant than that of negative particles. The primary functions of the particles encompass responding to a previous turn: they occur as positive or negative answers to polar (yes-no) questions, as responses to assertions or directives, and as so-called feedback (or back-channel) elements. Affirmative particles firstly operate as confirmation and agreement markers, while negative particles, on their turn, primarily operate as disagreement markers, though at times they have also a capacity of functioning as agreement devices. Sequential contexts appear to have an impact on the emergence of discursive (resp. interactional) meanings of response particles that have not been discussed in Lithuanian grammars.

METONYMY IN ONLINE DISCOURSE ON FACEBOOK BY GREENPEACE AUSTRALIA PACIFIC

Oleksandr Kapranov — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Greenpeace Australia Pacific is an “independent campaigning organization that uses peaceful protest and creative confrontation to expose global environmental problems” (Greenpeace Australia Pacific, 2023), such as the issues of climate change and environmental sustainability. The aforementioned problems are often communicated by Greenpeace Australia Pacific to its stakeholders and the general public via online means, for instance, Facebook. Given that currently there is insufficient research that investigates Greenpeace Australia Pacific’s online discourse on Facebook, this article presents a mixed-methods study that aims to explore how metonymy is used in disseminating environmental and climate change-related issues by Greenpeace Australia Pacific. In order to do so, the study involves a corpus of status updates that are found on Greenpeace Australia Pacific’ official Facebook page. The corpus is searched manually for the presence of metonymy and the types of metonymic mappings. The results of the qualitative analysis indicate that there are the following metonymic mappings in the corpus: “from a fossil fuel corporation to a polluter”, “from the name of the corporation to its actions”, “from the name of the country to the country’s government”, “from the name of the environmental organisation to its actions”, and “from the name of the vessel to its actions”. Thereafter, a quantitative analysis of the corpus is carried out in order to calculate the most frequent types of metonymic mappings. The results indicate that the metonymic mapping “from the name of the corporation to its actions” is the most frequent in the corpus, whose occurrence is concomitant with multimodality. These findings and their discussion are further presented in the article.